Cancer
Stomach Cancer
About Stomach Cancer
Stomach cancer, also known as gastric cancer, refers to the uncontrolled growth of cells that begins in the stomach. It can develop slowly over many years, often without initial symptoms.
Common Symptoms
- Abdominal pain or discomfort
- Heartburn or indigestion
- Nausea and vomiting
- Feeling full after eating small amounts of food
- Loss of appetite
- Unexplained weight loss
- Fatigue
- Dark stools or blood in vomit
Diagnosis
Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination, imaging tests such as CT scans, and an endoscopy where a thin, flexible tube is passed down the throat to visualize the stomach lining. A biopsy, which involves taking a small tissue sample during the endoscopy, is often performed to confirm the presence of cancer cells.
Causes
The exact cause of stomach cancer is not always clear, but certain factors are believed to increase risk. These may include infection with Helicobacter pylori bacteria, a diet high in smoked and salted foods, smoking, and a family history of the disease.
Treatment Overview
Conventional approaches to managing stomach cancer may include surgery to remove the tumor, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and targeted drug therapies depending on the stage and type of cancer. Some individuals may explore complementary approaches, such as nutritional support or mind-body practices, often alongside conventional care. The specific treatment plan is usually personalized to the individual's situation.
Prognosis & Outlook
The prognosis for stomach cancer can vary widely depending on several factors, including the stage at which it is diagnosed and the chosen treatment course. Early detection may be associated with a more favorable outlook. Regular follow-up appointments are generally part of ongoing care.
Types & Variants
Adenocarcinoma
The most common type, accounting for over 90% of cases. It starts in the gland cells of the stomach's inner lining.
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor (GIST)
A rare tumor that begins in specialized nerve cells in the stomach wall called the interstitial cells of Cajal.
Lymphoma
A cancer of the immune system tissue that can sometimes start in the wall of the stomach.
Carcinoid Tumor
A slow-growing tumor that starts in the hormone-producing cells of the stomach.
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