Cancer
Skin Cancer
About Skin Cancer
Skin cancer is the uncontrolled growth of abnormal skin cells. It most often develops on skin exposed to the sun, but it can occur anywhere on the body.
Common Symptoms
- A new or changing mole
- A sore that does not heal
- A pearly or waxy bump
- A firm, red nodule
- A flat, scaly, crusty patch
Diagnosis
Diagnosis typically begins with a visual examination by a doctor, often a dermatologist. If a suspicious area is found, a biopsy is usually performed, where a small tissue sample is removed and examined under a microscope.
Causes
The primary cause of most skin cancers is exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, either from sunlight or tanning beds. Genetic factors, a weakened immune system, and exposure to certain chemicals may also play a role.
Treatment Overview
Treatment approaches for skin cancer vary depending on the type, size, location, and stage of the cancer. Conventional treatments may include surgical removal, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy, or targeted therapy. Some individuals explore complementary approaches like certain dietary changes or herbal remedies, though their effectiveness in treating skin cancer is not consistently supported by robust scientific evidence.
Prognosis & Outlook
The prognosis for skin cancer can vary significantly depending on the type and stage at diagnosis. Many types of skin cancer, when detected early and treated appropriately, are highly curable. However, more advanced or aggressive forms may present greater challenges.
Types & Variants
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC)
The most common type. It often appears as a pearly or waxy bump on sun-exposed areas like the face and neck. It grows slowly and rarely spreads.
Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC)
The second most common type. It often appears as a firm, red nodule or a flat, scaly lesion. It can grow more quickly than BCC and has a higher risk of spreading.
Melanoma
A less common but more serious type of skin cancer that can develop anywhere on the body. It often develops in an existing mole or appears as a new dark spot and has a high potential to spread if not treated early.
Merkel Cell Carcinoma
A rare, aggressive skin cancer that presents as a firm, painless lesion or nodule on sun-exposed skin. It has a high risk of recurring and spreading.
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