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HIV
About HIV
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a virus that attacks the body's immune system. If left untreated, it can lead to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
Common Symptoms
- fever
- fatigue
- swollen lymph nodes
- rash
- sore throat
- muscle aches
- headache
- night sweats
- mouth ulcers
- diarrhea
Diagnosis
HIV is typically diagnosed through blood or saliva tests that detect antibodies to the virus, antigens, or the virus's genetic material. These tests can identify HIV infection, and early diagnosis allows for timely treatment.
Causes
HIV is caused by infection with the human immunodeficiency virus. It is spread through contact with certain bodily fluids of an infected person, such as blood, semen, pre-seminal fluid, rectal fluids, vaginal fluids, and breast milk.
Treatment Overview
Conventional approaches to managing HIV primarily involve antiretroviral therapy (ART), a combination of medicines that can suppress the virus and help people with HIV live longer, healthier lives. While there is no cure for HIV, ART can reduce the viral load to undetectable levels, which also prevents sexual transmission. Some individuals may explore complementary approaches, such as nutritional support or herbal supplements, often alongside their prescribed medical treatment, though their effectiveness and safety should be discussed with a healthcare provider.
Prognosis & Outlook
With advances in medical treatment, particularly antiretroviral therapy (ART), the prognosis for individuals with HIV has significantly improved. Many people living with HIV who adhere to their treatment can expect to live a near-normal lifespan. However, consistent medical care and adherence to treatment are generally required for maintaining health and preventing disease progression.
Types & Variants
HIV-1
The most common type of HIV found worldwide. It is more easily transmitted and progresses to AIDS faster than HIV-2 if left untreated.
HIV-2
A less common type of HIV, found primarily in West Africa. It is generally less infectious and progresses more slowly than HIV-1.
Journey insights for HIV will appear here once contributor stories have been shared and analyzed.
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