Musculoskeletal
Bursitis
About Bursitis
Bursitis is a condition characterized by inflammation of a bursa, which are small, fluid-filled sacs that cushion the bones, tendons, and muscles near joints. This inflammation can lead to pain and discomfort in the affected area.
Common Symptoms
- Joint pain or tenderness
- Swelling around the joint
- Redness or warmth over the affected joint
- Pain that worsens with movement or pressure
- Stiffness in the affected joint
- Achiness or throbbing at rest
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of bursitis typically begins with a physical examination, where a healthcare professional will assess the painful area for tenderness, swelling, and range of motion. Imaging tests such as X-rays, ultrasound, or MRI may be used to rule out other conditions or to confirm the diagnosis.
Causes
Bursitis commonly results from repetitive motions or prolonged pressure on a joint, such as kneeling or leaning on elbows. It can also be caused by sudden injury, infection, or underlying conditions like arthritis or gout.
Treatment Overview
Treatment approaches for bursitis often involve resting the affected joint, applying ice, and using over-the-counter pain relievers. In some cases, healthcare providers may suggest physical therapy, corticosteroid injections, or antibiotics if an infection is present. Less commonly, surgical intervention to remove the inflamed bursa may be considered in persistent cases.
Prognosis & Outlook
The prognosis for bursitis is generally favorable, with many cases resolving with conservative treatment within a few weeks. However, recurrence is possible, particularly if the activities or conditions that led to the initial inflammation continue. Chronic bursitis may require ongoing management.
Types & Variants
Subacromial Bursitis
Inflammation in the shoulder, often related to rotator cuff tendinitis.
Olecranon Bursitis
Affects the bursa at the tip of the elbow, sometimes called 'popeye elbow'.
Trochanteric Bursitis
Causes pain on the outer point of the hip.
Prepatellar Bursitis
Inflammation at the front of the kneecap, common in people who kneel frequently.
Retrocalcaneal Bursitis
Causes pain and swelling at the back of the heel.
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